Page last updated on January 31, 2014

Introduction:
Background:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonia gained its independence peacefully from Yugoslavia in 1991. Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols delayed international recognition, which occurred under the provisional designation of "the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." In 1995, Greece lifted a 20-month trade embargo and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, but the issue of the name remained unresolved and negotiations for a solution are ongoing. Since 2004, the United States and over 130 other nations have recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. Some ethnic Albanians, angered by perceived political and economic inequities, launched an insurgency in 2001 that eventually won the support of the majority of Macedonia's ethnic Albanian population and led to the internationally brokered Ohrid Framework Agreement, which ended the fighting and established guidelines for the creation of new laws that enhanced the rights of minorities. Although Macedonia became an EU candidate in 2005, the country still faces challenges, including fully implementing the Framework Agreement, improving relations with Bulgaria, carrying out democratic reforms, and stimulating economic growth and development.
Geography:
Location:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Southeastern Europe, north of Greece
Geographic coordinates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
41 50 N, 22 00 E
Map references:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Europe
Area:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 25,713 sq km
country comparison to the world: 150
land: 25,433 sq km
water: 280 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
slightly larger than Vermont
Land boundaries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 766 km
border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 246 km, Kosovo 159 km, Serbia 62 km
Coastline:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
Terrain:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
Elevation extremes:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest point: Vardar River 50 m
highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m
Natural resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
low-grade iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, manganese, nickel, tungsten, gold, silver, asbestos, gypsum, timber, arable land
Land use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
arable land: 16.1%
permanent crops: 1.36%
other: 82.54% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1,278 sq km (2004)
Total renewable water resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.4 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 1.03 cu km/yr (21%/67%/12%)
per capita: 502 cu m/yr (2007)
Natural hazards:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
high seismic risks
Environment - current issues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
air pollution from metallurgical plants
Environment - international agreements:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe
People and Society:
Nationality:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
noun: Macedonian(s)
adjective: Macedonian
Ethnic groups:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonian 64.2%, Albanian 25.2%, Turkish 3.9%, Roma (Gypsy) 2.7%, Serb 1.8%, other 2.2% (2002 census)
Languages:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonian (official) 66.5%, Albanian (official) 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian 1.2%, other 1.8% (2002 census)
Religions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonian Orthodox 64.7%, Muslim 33.3%, other Christian 0.37%, other and unspecified 1.63% (2002 census)
Population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2,087,171 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
Age structure:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0-14 years: 17.9% (male 193,507/female 180,157)
15-24 years: 14.3% (male 154,084/female 144,908)
25-54 years: 43.8% (male 463,282/female 450,261)
55-64 years: 11.9% (male 121,097/female 127,742)
65 years and over: 12.1% (male 108,324/female 143,809) (2013 est.)
population pyramid: "> Dependency ratios:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total dependency ratio: 40.9 %
youth dependency ratio: 23.5 %
elderly dependency ratio: 17.4 %
potential support ratio: 5.7 (2013)
Median age:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 36.5 years
male: 35.4 years
female: 37.6 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.22% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Birth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
11.72 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 167
Death rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 67
Net migration rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Urbanization:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
urban population: 59% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
SKOPJE (capital) 480,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26 (2010 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 154
Infant mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 8.11 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 156
male: 8.35 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total population: 75.58 years
country comparison to the world: 91
male: 73.03 years
female: 78.33 years (2013 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.59 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 179
Health expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.6% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 94
Physicians density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.62 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
Hospital bed density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.6 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water source:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
Sanitation facility access:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
fewer than 200 (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
fewer than 100 (2003 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21.1% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 92
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.8% (2005)
country comparison to the world: 120
Education expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
NA
Literacy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.4%
male: 98.7%
female: 96% (2011 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2010)
Child labor - children ages 5-14:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total number: 16,782
percentage: 6 % (2005 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 53.9%
country comparison to the world: 4
male: 55.2%
female: 51.7% (2012)
Government:
Country name:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
conventional long form: Republic of Macedonia
conventional short form: Macedonia
local long form: Republika Makedonija
local short form: Makedonija
note: the provisional designation used by the UN, EU, and NATO is the "former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" (FYROM)
former: People's Republic of Macedonia, Socialist Republic of Macedonia
Government type:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
parliamentary democracy
Capital:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: Skopje
geographic coordinates: 42 00 N, 21 26 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative divisions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
71 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Aracinovo, Berovo, Bitola, Bogdanci, Bogovinje, Bosilovo, Brvenica, Caska, Centar Zupa, Cesinovo-Oblesevo, Cucer Sandevo, Debar, Debarca, Delcevo, Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dojran, Dolneni, Gevgelija, Gostivar, Grad Skopje, Gradsko, Ilinden, Jegunovce, Karbinci, Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kocani, Konce, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Lipkovo, Lozovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod, Mavrovo i Rostusa, Mogila, Negotino, Novaci, Novo Selo, Ohrid, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnica, Prilep, Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Sopiste, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani, Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vrapciste, Zelenikovo, Zelino, Zrnovci
Independence:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8 September 1991 (referendum by registered voters endorsed independence from Yugoslavia)
National holiday:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Independence Day, 8 September (1991); also known as National Day
Constitution:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
several previous; latest adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991; amended several times, last in 2011 (2011)
Legal system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
International law organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of state: President Gjorge IVANOV (since 12 May 2009)
head of government: Prime Minister Nikola GRUEVSKI (since 26 August 2006)
cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the majority vote of all the deputies in the Assembly; note - current cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, BDI, and several small parties
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); two-round election: first round held on 22 March 2009, second round held on 5 April 2009 (next to be held in March 2014); prime minister elected by the Assembly following legislative elections; the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister
election results: Gjorge IVANOV elected president on second-round ballot; percent of vote - Gjorge IVANOV 63.1%, Ljubomir FRCKOSKI 36.9%
Legislative branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
unicameral Assembly or Sobranie (123 seats; all members elected by popular vote from party lists based on the percentage of the overall vote the parties gain in each of six electoral and three diaspora districts; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 5 June 2011 (next to be held by June 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - VMRO-DPMNE-led block 39%, SDSM-led block 32.8%, BDI 10.2%, PDSh 5.9%, other 12.1%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE-led block 56, SDSM-led block 42, BDI 15, PDSh 8, RDK 2
Judicial branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consist of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial Council, a 7-member body of legal professionals, and appointed by the Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the legislature for nonrenewable, 9-year terms
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Basic Courts
Political parties and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Albanian Democratic Union or BDSh [Bardhyl MAHMUTI]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Federation of Free Trade Unions [Mirjana ANDREVSKA]
International organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
BIS, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EU (candidate country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Zoran JOLEVSKI (since 22 March 2007)
chancery: 2129 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 667-0501
FAX: [1] (202) 667-2131
consulate(s) general: Chicago, New York, Southfield (MI)
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Paul D. WOHLERS (since 11 August 2011)
embassy: Str. Samolilova, Nr. 21, 1000 Skopje
mailing address: American Embassy Skopje, US Department of State, 7120 Skopje Place, Washington, DC 20521-7120 (pouch)
telephone: [389] (2) 310-2000
FAX: [389] (2) 310-2499
Flag description:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
a yellow sun (the Sun of Liberty) with eight broadening rays extending to the edges of the red field; the red and yellow colors have long been associated with Macedonia
National symbol(s):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
eight-rayed sun
National anthem:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: "Denes Nad Makedonija" (Today Over Macedonia)
lyrics/music: Vlado MALESKI/Todor SKALOVSKI
note: adopted 1991; the song, written in 1943, previously served as the anthem of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia while part of Yugoslavia
Economy:
Economy - overview:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonia is vulnerable to economic developments in Europe - due to strong trade ties - and dependent on regional integration and progress toward EU membership for continued economic growth. At independence in September 1991, Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ended transfer payments from the central government and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on the downsized Yugoslavia, and a Greek economic embargo over a dispute about the country's constitutional name and flag hindered economic growth until 1996. Since then, Macedonia has maintained macroeconomic stability with low inflation, but it has so far lagged the region in attracting foreign investment and creating jobs, despite making extensive fiscal and business sector reforms. Official unemployment has remained consistently high at more than 31% since 2008, but may be overstated based on the existence of an extensive gray market, estimated to be between 20% and 45% of GDP, that is not captured by official statistics. In the wake of the global economic downturn, Macedonia has experienced decreased foreign direct investment and a large trade deficit. However, as a result of conservative fiscal policies and a sound financial system, in 2010 the country credit rating improved slightly to BB+ and was kept at that level in 2011-12. However, macroeconomic stability has been maintained by a prudent monetary policy, which keeps the domestic currency pegged against the euro. As a result, GDP growth was modest, but positive at about 3% both in 2010 and 2011, and inflation was under control. The government loosened fiscal policy in 2012 and the budget deficit expanded to 3.5% of GDP.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$21.63 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
note: data are in 2012 US dollars; Macedonia has a large informal sector that may not be reflected in these data
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$9.5 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-0.3% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$10,500 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
Gross national saving:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
24.6% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
GDP - composition, by end use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
household consumption: 75.7%
government consumption: 18.3%
investment in fixed capital: 22.3%
investment in inventories: 6.4%
exports of goods and services: 53.4%
imports of goods and services: -75.9%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 11.2%
industry: 27.6%
services: 61.3% (2012 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
grapes, tobacco, vegetables, fruits; milk, eggs
Industries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals
Industrial production growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
Labor force:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
943,100 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
Labor force - by occupation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 16.7%
industry: 26%
services: 57.3% (September 2012)
Unemployment rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
31% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
Population below poverty line:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
30.4% (2011)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest 10%: 2.2%
highest 10%: 34.5% (2009 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
43.2 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 48
Budget:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
revenues: $2.883 billion
expenditures: $3.254 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
30.3% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-3.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 142
Public debt:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
34% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
note: official data from Ministry of Finance; data cover central government debt; this data excludes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; includes treasury debt held by foreign entitites; excludes debt issued by sub-national entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; there are no debt instruments sold for social funds
Fiscal year:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.3% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
Central bank discount rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.75% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
note: series discontinued in January 2010; the discount rate has been replaced by a referent rate for calculating the penalty rate
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8.48% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
Stock of narrow money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.413 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
Stock of broad money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$5.709 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
Stock of domestic credit:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$4.821 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$2.423 billion (31 December 2012)
country comparison to the world: 94
Current account balance:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$-385.2 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 98
Exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$3.975 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
Exports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
food, beverages, tobacco; textiles, miscellaneous manufactures, iron, steel; automotive parts
Exports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Germany 27.3%, Italy 6.5%, Bulgaria 5.5%, Greece 4.8% (2012)
Imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$6.273 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
Imports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
machinery and equipment, automobiles, chemicals, fuels, food products
Imports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Greece 19%, Germany 11.8%, UK 9.5%, Bulgaria 9%, Italy 5.2%, Turkey 5% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$2.891 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
Debt - external:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$6.807 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$4.284 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Exchange rates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar -
Energy:
Electricity - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.81 billion kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Electricity - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
7.25 billion kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Electricity - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
12.82 million kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
Electricity - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.692 billion kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.94 million kW (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
64.1% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
35.9% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 63
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
Crude oil - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
40.87 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
Crude oil - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2012)
country comparison to the world: 153
Crude oil - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18,800 bbl/day (2012)
country comparison to the world: 68
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 162
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17,030 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17,490 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6,750 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21,530 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103
Natural gas - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2012)
country comparison to the world: 165
Natural gas - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
136.6 million cu m (2011)
country comparison to the world: 105
Natural gas - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2012)
country comparison to the world: 145
Natural gas - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
136.6 million cu m (2012)
country comparison to the world: 73
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 169
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.947 million Mt (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Communications:
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
407,900 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 103
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.235 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 142
Telephone system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
general assessment: competition from the mobile-cellular segment of the telecommunications market has led to a drop in fixed-line telephone subscriptions
domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 130 per 100 persons
international: country code - 389 (2012)
Broadcast media:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
public TV broadcaster operates 3 national channels and a satellite network; 5 privately owned TV channels broadcast nationally using terrestrial transmitters and about 15 broadcast on national level via satellite; roughly 75 local commercial TV stations; large number of cable operators offering domestic and international programming; public radio broadcaster operates over multiple stations; 3 privately owned radio stations broadcast nationally; about 70 local commercial radio stations (2012)
Internet country code:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
.mk
Internet hosts:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
62,826 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 92
Internet users:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.057 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 97
Transportation:
Airports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 155
Airports - with paved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 8
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
under 914 m: 6 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m:
Pipelines:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
gas 268 km; oil 120 km (2013)
Railways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 699 km
country comparison to the world: 100
standard gauge: 699 km 1.435-m gauge (234 km electrified) (2012)
Roadways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 14,038 km (includes 259 km of expressways)
country comparison to the world: 124
paved: 9,489 km
unpaved: 4,549 km (2012)
Military:
Military branches:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Army of the Republic of Macedonia (ARM; includes General Staff and subordinate Joint Operational Command, Training and Doctrine Command, Special Operations Regiment) (2012)
Military service age and obligation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 (2013)
Manpower available for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 532,196
females age 16-49: 511,964 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 443,843
females age 16-49: 426,251 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
male: 16,144
female: 14,920 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.38% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 225
Transnational Issues:
Disputes - international:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Kosovo and Macedonia completed demarcation of their boundary in September 2008; Greece continues to reject the use of the name Macedonia or Republic of Macedonia
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
stateless persons: 905 (2012)