Page last updated on January 31, 2014

Introduction:
Background:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
The use of the name Crna Gora or Black Mountain (Montenegro) began in the 13th century in reference to a highland region in the Serbian province of Zeta. The later medieval state of Zeta maintained its existence until 1496 when Montenegro finally fell under Ottoman rule. Over subsequent centuries Montenegro managed to maintain a level of autonomy within the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro was a theocracy ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it transformed into a secular principality. Montenegro was recognized as an independent sovereign principality at the Congress of Berlin in 1878. After World War I, during which Montenegro fought on the side of the Allies, Montenegro was absorbed by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929; at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, creating the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, shifting to a looser State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. In May 2006, Montenegro invoked its right under the Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro to hold a referendum on independence from the state union. The vote for severing ties with Serbia barely exceeded 55% - the threshold set by the EU - allowing Montenegro to formally restore its independence on 3 June 2006.
Geography:
Location:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia
Geographic coordinates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
42 30 N, 19 18 E
Map references:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Europe
Area:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 13,812 sq km
country comparison to the world: 162
land: 13,452 sq km
water: 360 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
slightly smaller than Connecticut
Land boundaries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 625 km
border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Kosovo 79 km, Serbia 124 km
Coastline:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
293.5 km
Maritime claims:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: defined by treaty
Climate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
Terrain:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus
Elevation extremes:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m
Natural resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
bauxite, hydroelectricity
Land use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
arable land: 12.45%
permanent crops: 1.16%
other: 86.39% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
24.12 sq km (2010)
Natural hazards:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
destructive earthquakes
Environment - current issues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor
Environment - international agreements:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
strategic location along the Adriatic coast
People and Society:
Nationality:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
noun: Montenegrin(s)
adjective: Montenegrin
Ethnic groups:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma (Gypsy)) 12% (2003 census)
Languages:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Serbian 63.6%, Montenegrin (official) 22%, Bosnian 5.5%, Albanian 5.3%, unspecified (includes Croatian) 3.7% (2003 census)
Religions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Orthodox 74.2%, Muslim 17.7%, Catholic 3.5%, other 0.6%, unspecified 3%, atheist 1% (2003 census)
Population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
653,474 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
Age structure:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0-14 years: 15.3% (male 48,670/female 51,379)
15-24 years: 11.4% (male 35,750/female 38,516)
25-54 years: 47% (male 164,913/female 142,372)
55-64 years: 12.6% (male 40,618/female 41,398)
65 years and over: 13.8% (male 35,573/female 54,285) (2013 est.)
population pyramid: "> Dependency ratios:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total dependency ratio: 46.7 %
youth dependency ratio: 27.5 %
elderly dependency ratio: 19.2 %
potential support ratio: 5.2 (2013)
Median age:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 38.7 years
male: 37.6 years
female: 40.1 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-0.56% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 226
Birth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.75 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
Death rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 64
Urbanization:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
urban population: 61% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 0.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
PODGORICA (capital) 144,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.15 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26.3 (2009 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 161
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
39.4% (2005/06)
Health expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9.3% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 39
Physicians density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.03 physicians/1,000 population (2010)
Hospital bed density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water source:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
Sanitation facility access:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
Major infectious diseases:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea
vectorborne disease: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (2013)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
22.5% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 79
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.2% (2006)
country comparison to the world: 114
Education expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
NA
Literacy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98.5%
male: 99.4%
female: 97.6% (2011 est.)
Child labor - children ages 5-14:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total number: 8,520
percentage: 10 % (2005 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 41.1%
country comparison to the world: 11
male: 42.3%
female: 39.7% (2012)
Government:
Country name:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Montenegro
local long form: none
local short form: Crna Gora
former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro, Republic of Montenegro
Government type:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
republic
Capital:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: Podgorica; note - the Old Royal Capital is Cetinje mentioned in the constitution
geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative divisions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21 municipalities (opstine, singular - opstina); Andrijevica, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pljevlja, Pluzine, Podgorica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak
Independence:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro)
National holiday:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
National Day, 13 July (1878)
Constitution:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
several previous; latest adopted 22 October 2007; note - in early 2013, Montenegro's parliamentary constitutional committee began debate on proposed amendments (2013)
Legal system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
civil law
International law organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICC jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal
Executive branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 6 April 2008)
head of government: Prime Minister Milo DJUKANOVIC (since 4 December 2012)
cabinet: Ministers act as cabinet
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 April 2013 (next to be held in 2018); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly
election results: Filip VUJANOVIC reelected president; Filip VUJANOVIC 51.2%, Miodrag LEKIC 48.8%%
Legislative branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
unicameral Assembly (81 seats; members elected by direct vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 14 October 2012 (next to be held by 2016)
election results: percent of vote by party/coalition - Coalition for European Montenegro 45.6%, Democratic Front 22.8%, SNP 11.1%, Positive Montenegro 8.2%, Bosniak Party, 4.2%, other (including Albanian and Croatian minority parties) 8.1%; seats by party - Coalition for European Montenegro 39, Democratic Front 20, SNP 9, Positive Montenegro 7, Bosniak Party 3, Albanian and Croatian minority parties 3
Judicial branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Vrhovni Sud (consists of the court president and 6 judges); Constitutional Court or Ustavni Sud (consists of the court president and 6 judges)
judge selection and term of office: president of Supreme Court proposed jointly by the president of Montenegro, the speaker of the Assembly, and the prime minister; other judges elected by the Judicial Council; court president term is 5 years; term of other judges is 9 years; Constitutional Court judges proposed by the president of Montenegro and elected by the Assembly; court president elected among its members; term of judges is 9 years; court president term is 3 years
subordinate courts: Administrative Court; Court of Appeal; regional and first instance courts
Political parties and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Albanian Coalition (includes Democratic Alliance in Montenegro [Mehmed BARDHI], Democratic Party [Fatmir DJEKA], and Albanian Alternative [Djerdj DAMAJ])
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
NA
International organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Srdjan DARMANOVIC (since 30 November 2010)
chancery: 1610 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 234-6108
FAX: [1] (202) 234-6109
consulate(s) general: New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Sue K. BROWN (since 27 April 2011)
embassy: Dzona Dzeksona 2, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [382] (0) 20 410 500
FAX: [382] (0) 20 241 358
Flag description:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered; the arms consist of a double-headed golden eagle - symbolizing the unity of church and state - surmounted by a crown; the eagle holds a golden scepter in its right claw and a blue orb in its left; the breast shield over the eagle shows a golden lion passant on a green field in front of a blue sky; the lion is symbol of episcopal authority and harks back to the three and a half centuries that Montenegro was ruled as a theocracy
National symbol(s):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
double-headed eagle
National anthem:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" (Oh, Bright Dawn of May)
lyrics/music: Sekula DRLJEVIC/unknown, arranged by Zarko MIKOVIC
note: adopted 2004; the anthem's music is based on a Montenegrin folk song
Economy:
Economy - overview:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Montenegro's economy is transitioning to a market system, but the state sector remains large and additional institutional changes are needed. The economy relies heavily on tourism and the export of refined metals. Unprofitable state-owned enterprises weigh on public finances. Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and maintained its own central bank, adopted the deutsch mark, then the euro - rather than the Yugoslav dinar - as official currency, collected customs tariffs, and managed its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. In January 2007, Montenegro joined the World Bank and IMF. Montenegro became the 156th member of World Trade Organization in December 2011. The European Council (EC) granted candidate country status to Montenegro at the December 2010 session. Montenegro began negotiations to join the EC in June, 2012, having met the conditions set down by the European Council, which called on Montenegro to take steps to fight corruption and organized crime. Unemployment and regional disparities in development are key political and economic problems. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector. The global financial crisis had a significant negative impact on the economy, due to the ongoing credit crunch, a decline in the real estate sector, and a fall in aluminum exports. In 2012, real GDP growth slipped to 0.5%, reflecting the general downturn in most of Europe.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$7.219 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$4.157 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-0.5% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$11,600 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition, by end use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
household consumption: 84.4%
government consumption: 22.1%
investment in fixed capital: 18.4%
investment in inventories: 1.1%
exports of goods and services: 40.2%
imports of goods and services: -66.2%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 0.8%
industry: 11.3%
services: 87.9% (2011)
Agriculture - products:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheep
Industries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
steelmaking, aluminum, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism
Labor force:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
251,300 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
Labor force - by occupation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 6.3%
industry: 20.9%
services: 72.8% (2011 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
19.1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
Population below poverty line:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.6% (2010 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
24.3 (2010)
country comparison to the world: 134
Budget:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
revenues: $1.68 billion
expenditures: $1.58 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
40.4% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.4% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 18
Public debt:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
52.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Fiscal year:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4% (2012)
country comparison to the world: 124
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9.69% (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 93
Stock of narrow money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$749 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
Stock of broad money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.982 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 150
Stock of domestic credit:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$3.29 billion (31 December 2009)
country comparison to the world: 122
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$3.322 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 90
Current account balance:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$-1.938 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 140
Exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$489.2 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
Exports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Croatia 22.7%, Serbia 22.7%, Slovenia 7.8% (2012 est.)
Imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$2.4 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Imports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Serbia 29.3%, Greece 8.7%, China 7.1% (2012 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$400 million (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 149
Debt - external:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.7 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 147
Exchange rates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Energy:
Electricity - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.945 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
Electricity - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.279 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
Electricity - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
730 million kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 61
Electricity - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
732 million kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
868,000 kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
24.2% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 186
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
75.8% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 18
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Crude oil - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
Crude oil - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
Crude oil - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl (1 January 2012 es)
country comparison to the world: 161
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 204
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4,446 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 173
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
369.3 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 114
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3,300 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
Natural gas - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
Natural gas - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
Natural gas - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
Natural gas - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 168
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.166 million Mt (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
Communications:
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
163,000 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 131
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.126 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 154
Telephone system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites
domestic: GSM mobile-cellular service, available through multiple providers with national coverage, is growing
international: country code - 382; 2 international switches connect the national system (2011)
Broadcast media:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
state-funded national radio-TV broadcaster operates 2 terrestrial TV networks, 1 satellite TV channel, and 2 radio networks; 4 public TV stations and some 20 private TV stations; 14 local public radio stations and more than 40 private radio stations (2007)
Internet country code:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
.me
Internet hosts:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10,088 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 135
Internet users:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
280,000 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 133
Transportation:
Airports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 181
Airports - with paved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2013)
Heliports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1 (2012)
Railways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 250 km
country comparison to the world: 124
standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (169 km electrified) (2010)
Roadways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 7,763 km
country comparison to the world: 142
paved: 5,365 km
unpaved: 2,398 km (2010)
Merchant marine:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 2
country comparison to the world: 141
by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1
registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Honduras 1, Slovakia 1) (2010)
Ports and terminals:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
major seaport(s): Bar
Military:
Military branches:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Armed Forces of the Republic of Montenegro: Army of Montenegro (includes Montenegrin Navy (Mornarica Crne Gore, MCG)), Air Force (2011)
Military service age and obligation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 149,159
females age 16-49: 131,823 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
male: 3,120
female: 3,677 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.87% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 134
Transnational Issues:
Disputes - international:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
none