Page last updated on January 28, 2014

Introduction:
Background:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Fiji became independent in 1970 after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987 caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). The coups and a 1990 constitution that cemented native Melanesian control of Fiji led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. A new constitution enacted in 1997 was more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a civilian-led coup in May 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. Parliamentary elections held in August 2001 provided Fiji with a democratically elected government led by Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE. Re-elected in May 2006, QARASE was ousted in a December 2006 military coup led by Commodore Voreqe BAINIMARAMA, who initially appointed himself acting president but in January 2007 became interim prime minister. Since taking power BAINIMARAMA has neutralized his opponents, crippled Fiji's democratic institutions, and initially refused to hold elections. In 2012, he promised to hold elections in 2014.
Geography:
Location:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Geographic coordinates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 00 S, 175 00 E
Map references:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Oceania
Area:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 18,274 sq km
country comparison to the world: 157
land: 18,274 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 km
Coastline:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1,129 km
Maritime claims:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation; rectilinear shelf claim added
Climate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Elevation extremes:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m
Natural resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
Land use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
arable land: 9.17%
permanent crops: 4.65%
other: 86.17% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
30 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
28.55 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 0.08 cu km/yr (30%/11%/59%)
per capita: 100.1 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
Environment - current issues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
includes 332 islands; approximately 110 are inhabited
People and Society:
Nationality:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
noun: Fijian(s)
adjective: Fijian
Ethnic groups:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Fijian 57.3% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 37.6%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 3.9% (European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 census)
Languages:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
English (official), Fijian (official), Hindustani
Religions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Protestant 55.4% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.9%, Anglican 0.8%, other 10.4%), Hindu 27.9%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other or unspecified 0.3%, none 0.7% (2007 census)
Population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
896,758 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
Age structure:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0-14 years: 28.4% (male 129,938/female 124,374)
15-24 years: 17.4% (male 79,597/female 76,080)
25-54 years: 41.1% (male 188,488/female 179,760)
55-64 years: 7.6% (male 34,251/female 33,753)
65 years and over: 5.6% (male 23,212/female 27,305) (2013 est.)
population pyramid: "> Dependency ratios:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total dependency ratio: 52.2 %
youth dependency ratio: 43.9 %
elderly dependency ratio: 8.3 %
potential support ratio: 12.1 (2013)
Median age:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 27.6 years
male: 27.4 years
female: 27.8 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.73% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 140
Birth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
20.28 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
Death rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.96 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
Net migration rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-6.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 200
Urbanization:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
urban population: 52% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
SUVA (capital) 174,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 130
Infant mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 10.46 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 141
male: 11.53 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total population: 71.87 years
country comparison to the world: 139
male: 69.26 years
female: 74.62 years (2013 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.54 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 82
Health expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.8% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 169
Physicians density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.43 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
Hospital bed density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.1 beds/1,000 population (2009)
Drinking water source:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
Sanitation facility access:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
fewer than 1,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
fewer than 100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
30.6% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 25
Education expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.1% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 106
Literacy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.7%
male: 95.5%
female: 91.9% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 15.7 years (2011)
Government:
Country name:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
conventional long form: Republic of Fiji
conventional short form: Fiji
local long form: Republic of Fiji/Matanitu ko Viti
local short form: Fiji/Viti
Government type:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
republic
Capital:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: Suva (on Viti Levu)
geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins fourth Sunday in October; ends third Sunday in January
Administrative divisions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4 divisions and 1 dependency*; Central, Eastern, Northern, Rotuma*, Western
Independence:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10 October 1970 (from the UK)
National holiday:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Independence Day, second Monday of October (1970)
Constitution:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
several previous; latest approved July 1997 (suspended in 2009); note - the prime minister submitted a new draft constitution in March 2013 (2013)
Legal system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
common law system based on the English model
International law organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of state: President Ratu Epeli NAILATIKAU (since 30 July 2009)
head of government: Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE (since 10 September 2000); note - although QARASE is still the legal prime minister, he has been confined to his home island; former President ILOILOVATU appointed Commodore Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA interim prime minister under the military regime
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament and responsible to Parliament; note - coup leader Commodore Voreqe BAINIMARAMA has appointed an interim cabinet
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
elections: under the constitution, president elected by the Great Council of Chiefs for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); in 2007 the Great Council of Chiefs was suspended from its role in electing the president; prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Ratu Epeli NAILATIKAU was appointed by Chief Justice Anthony GATES
Legislative branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (32 seats; 14 members appointed by the president on the advice of the Great Council of Chiefs, 9 appointed by the president on the advice of the Prime Minister, 8 on the advice of the opposition leader, and 1 appointed on the advice of the council of Rotuma) and the House of Representatives (71 seats; 23 members reserved for ethnic Fijians, 19 reserved for ethnic Indians, 3 reserved for other ethnic groups, 1 reserved for the council of Rotuma constituency encompassing the whole of Fiji, and 25 open seats; members serve five-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held on 6-13 May 2006 (long delayed, the next elections reportedly will be held in 2014)
election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - SDL 44.6%, FLP 39.2%, UPP 0.8%, independents 4.9%, other 10.5%; seats by party - SDL 36, FLP 31, UPP 2, independents 2
Judicial branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the cabinet minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
Political parties and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Dodonu Ni Taukei Party or DNT [Fereti S. DEWA]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Group Against Racial Discrimination or GARD [Dr. Anirudk SINGH] (for restoration of a democratic government)
International organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C (suspended), CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Winston THOMPSON (since 20 April 2009)
chancery: 2000 M Street, NW, Suite 710, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (202) 466-8320
FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Frankie A. REED (since 15 October 2011) note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
embassy: 158 Princes Rd, Tamavua
mailing address: P. O. Box 218, Suva
telephone: [679] 331-4466
FAX: [679] 330-2267
Flag description:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the blue symbolizes the Pacific ocean and the Union Jack reflects the links with Great Britain; the shield - taken from Fiji's coat of arms - depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, bananas, and a white dove
National anthem:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: "God Bless Fiji"
lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)
note: adopted 1970; the anthem is known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are generally sung, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics
Economy:
Economy - overview:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies though still with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports, remittances from Fijians working abroad, and a growing tourist industry - with 400,000 to 500,000 tourists annually - are the major sources of foreign exchange. Fiji's sugar has special access to European Union markets but will be harmed by the EU's decision to cut sugar subsidies. Sugar processing makes up one-third of industrial activity but is not efficient. Fiji's tourism industry was damaged by the December 2006 coup and is facing an uncertain recovery time. In 2007 tourist arrivals were down almost 6%, with substantial job losses in the service sector, and GDP dipped. The coup has created a difficult business climate. The EU has suspended all aid until the interim government takes steps toward new elections. Long-term problems include low investment, uncertain land ownership rights, and the government's inability to manage its budget. Overseas remittances from Fijians working in Kuwait and Iraq have decreased significantly. Fiji's current account deficit peaked at 23% of GDP in 2006, and declined to 12.5% of GDP in 2012.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$4.261 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$3.97 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.2% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$4,700 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition, by end use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
household consumption: 76.6%
government consumption: 13.7%
investment in fixed capital: 22.5%
investment in inventories: -1.9%
exports of goods and services: 49.4%
imports of goods and services: -60.3%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 11.7%
industry: 18.1%
services: 70.1% (2012 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
sugarcane, coconuts, cassava (manioc), rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; cattle, pigs, horses, goats; fish
Industries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small cottage industries
Industrial production growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4%
country comparison to the world: 71
Labor force:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
335,000 (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 163
Labor force - by occupation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 70%
industry and services: 30% (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
7.6% (1999)
country comparison to the world: 85
Population below poverty line:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
31% (2009 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest 10%: 2.6%
highest 10%: 34.9% (2009 est.)
Budget:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
revenues: $1.062 billion
expenditures: $1.127 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-1.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Public debt:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
53.5% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
Fiscal year:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.4% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
Central bank discount rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.75% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
7% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
Stock of narrow money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.453 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Stock of broad money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$2.495 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 147
Stock of domestic credit:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.958 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 133
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.372 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 103
Current account balance:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$-425.1 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
Exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$932.4 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
Exports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish, molasses, coconut oil
Exports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
US 14.6%, Australia 13.2%, Japan 6.9%, Samoa 5.8%, Tonga 5.1% (2012)
Imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$1.867 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
Imports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, food, chemicals
Imports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Singapore 32.8%, Australia 15.5%, NZ 14.5%, China 10.7% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$921.4 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Debt - external:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$685.5 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$2.903 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 93
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$44.08 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
Exchange rates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -
Energy:
Electricity - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
836.1 million kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
Electricity - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
808.3 million kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Electricity - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 194
Electricity - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 185
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
245,100 kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
49% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
45.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.7% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
Crude oil - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
30 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
Crude oil - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 112
Crude oil - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 130
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17,810 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
691.6 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10,050 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
Natural gas - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
Natural gas - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 142
Natural gas - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Natural gas - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 191
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 137
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.445 million Mt (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
Communications:
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
88,400 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 147
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
858,800 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 159
Telephone system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
general assessment: modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio communications center
domestic: telephone or radio telephone links to almost all inhabited islands; most towns and large villages have automatic telephone exchanges and direct dialing; combined fixed and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 100 per 100 persons
international: country code - 679; access to important cable links between US and Canada as well as between NZ and Australia; satellite earth stations - 2 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean) (2011)
Broadcast media:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel as well as Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations - 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2009)
Internet country code:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
.fj
Internet hosts:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21,739 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 115
Internet users:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
114,200 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 157
Transportation:
Airports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
28 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 121
Airports - with paved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 4
over 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 24
914 to 1,523 m: 5
under 914 m:
Railways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 597 km
country comparison to the world: 108
narrow gauge: 597 km 0.600-m gauge
note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December (2008)
Roadways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 3,440 km
country comparison to the world: 162
paved: 1,686 km
unpaved: 1,754 km (2011)
Waterways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
203 km (122 km are navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges) (2012)
country comparison to the world: 98
Merchant marine:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 11
country comparison to the world: 108
by type: passenger 4, passenger/cargo 4, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 2
foreign-owned: 2 (Australia 2) (2010)
Ports and terminals:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
major seaport(s): Lautoka, Levuka, Suva
Military:
Military branches:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Forces, Naval Forces (2011)
Military service age and obligation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2013)
Manpower available for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 233,240
females age 16-49: 222,587 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 183,730
females age 16-49: 188,325 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
male: 8,403
female: 8,039 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.47% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 193