Page last updated on December 18, 2013

Introduction:
Background:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the European Union in 1995 have altered the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, democratic country, Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999.
Geography:
Location:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Central Europe, north of Italy and Slovenia
Geographic coordinates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
47 20 N, 13 20 E
Map references:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Europe
Area:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 83,871 sq km
country comparison to the world: 114
land: 82,445 sq km
water: 1,426 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
slightly smaller than Maine
Land boundaries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 2,562 km
border countries: Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366 km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 330 km, Switzerland 164 km
Coastline:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers
Terrain:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping
Elevation extremes:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest point: Neusiedler See 115 m
highest point: Grossglockner 3,798 m
Natural resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower
Land use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
arable land: 16.25%
permanent crops: 0.77%
other: 82.98% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1,170 sq km (2007)
Total renewable water resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
77.7 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 3.66 cu km/yr (18%/79%/3%)
per capita: 452.4 cu m/yr (2008)
Natural hazards:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
landslides; avalanches; earthquakes
Environment - current issues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria between northern and southern Europe
Environment - international agreements:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere
People and Society:
Nationality:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
noun: Austrian(s)
adjective: Austrian
Ethnic groups:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001 census)
Languages:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 census)
Religions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 2%, none 12% (2001 census)
Population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8,221,646 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
Age structure:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0-14 years: 13.7% (male 577,390/female 550,496)
15-24 years: 11.8% (male 494,324/female 474,171)
25-54 years: 43.1% (male 1,779,534/female 1,766,779)
55-64 years: 12.5% (male 506,419/female 520,552)
65 years and over: 18.9% (male 656,883/female 895,098) (2013 est.)
population pyramid: "> Dependency ratios:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total dependency ratio: 48.9 %
youth dependency ratio: 21.6 %
elderly dependency ratio: 27.3 %
potential support ratio: 3.7 (2013)
Median age:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 43.9 years
male: 42.8 years
female: 44.9 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.02% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 191
Birth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8.73 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 214
Death rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.31 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
Net migration rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
Urbanization:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
urban population: 68% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 0.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
VIENNA (capital) 1.72 million (2011)
Sex ratio:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
28.5 (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 179
Infant mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 4.21 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 196
male: 5.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total population: 80.04 years
country comparison to the world: 33
male: 77.13 years
female: 83.1 years (2013 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.42 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
69.6%
note: percent of women aged 18-46 (2009)
Health expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.6% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 19
Physicians density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.86 physicians/1,000 population (2010)
Hospital bed density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
7.6 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water source:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
Sanitation facility access:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.3% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
15,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
fewer than 100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
20.9% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 93
Education expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 39
Literacy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98%
male: NA
female: NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 16 years
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2011)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 8.3%
country comparison to the world: 118
male: 7.9%
female: 8.8% (2011)
Government:
Country name:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
conventional long form: Republic of Austria
conventional short form: Austria
local long form: Republik Oesterreich
local short form: Oesterreich
Government type:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
federal republic
Capital:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: Vienna
geographic coordinates: 48 12 N, 16 22 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative divisions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9 states (Bundeslaender, singular - Bundesland); Burgenland, Karnten (Carinthia), Niederoesterreich (Lower Austria), Oberoesterreich (Upper Austria), Salzburg, Steiermark (Styria), Tirol (Tyrol), Vorarlberg, Wien (Vienna)
Independence:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
12 November 1918 (republic proclaimed); notable earlier dates: 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed)
National holiday:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
National Day, 26 October (1955); note - commemorates the passage of the law on permanent neutrality
Constitution:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
several previous; latest adopted 1 October 1920, revised 1929, replaced May 1934 (authoritarian-corporate constitution), replaced by German Weimar constitution in 1938 following German annexation; latest reinstated 1 May 1945 (1920 constitution with 1929 revisions); amended many times, last in 2008 (2013)
Legal system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts by the Constitutional Court
International law organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
16 years of age; universal; note - reduced from 18 years of age in 2007
Executive branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of state: President Heinz FISCHER (SPOe) (since 8 July 2004)
head of government: Chancellor Werner FAYMANN (SPOe) (since 2 December 2008); Vice Chancellor Michael SPINDELEGGER (OeVP) (since 21 April 2011)
cabinet: Council of Ministers chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
elections: president elected for a six-year term (eligible for a second term) by direct popular vote and formally sworn into office before the Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung; presidential election last held on 25 April 2010 (next to be held on 25 April 2016); chancellor formally chosen by the president but determined by the coalition parties forming a parliamentary majority; vice chancellor chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor
election results: Heinz FISCHER reelected president; percent of vote - Heinz FISCHER 79.33%, Barbara ROSENKRANZ 15.24%, Rudolf GEHRING 5.43%
note: government coalition - SPOe and OeVP
Legislative branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung consists of Federal Council or Bundesrat (62 seats; delegates appointed by state parliaments with each state receiving 3 to 12 seats in proportion to its population; members serve five- or six-year terms) and the National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats; members elected by popular vote for a five-year term under a system of proportional representation with partially open party lists)
elections: National Council - last held on 29 September 2013 (next to be held by September 2018)
election results: National Council - percent of vote by party - SPOe 27.1%, OeVP 23.8%, FPOe 21.4%, Greens 11.5%, Team Stronach for Austria 5.8%, NEOS - The New Austria 4.8%, other 5.6%; seats by party - SPOe 53, OeVP 46, FPOe 42, Greens 22; Team Stronach for Austria 11, NEOS - The New Austria 9
Judicial branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Oberster Gerichtshof (consists of 85 judges organized into 17 senates or panels of five judges each); Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof (consists of 20 judges including 6 substitutes; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof - 2 judges plus other members depending on the importance of the case)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; judges serve for life; Constitutional Court judges nominated by several executive branch departments and approved by the president; judges serve for life; Administrative Court judges recommended by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; terms of judges and members determined by the president
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal (4); Regional Courts (20); district courts (120); county courts
Political parties and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Alliance for the Future of Austria or BZOe [Josef BUCHER]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Austrian Trade Union Federation or OeGB (nominally independent but primarily Social Democratic)
other: three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party or OeVP representing business, labor, farmers, and other nongovernment organizations in the areas of environment and human rights
International organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIFIL, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Hans Peter MANZ (since 2 December 2011)
chancery: 3524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008-3035
telephone: [1] (202) 895-6700
FAX: [1] (202) 895-6750
consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Alexa L. WESNER (since 6 September 2013)
embassy: Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1090, Vienna
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [43] (1) 31339-0
FAX: [43] (1) 3100682
Flag description:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red; the flag design is certainly one of the oldest - if not the oldest - national banners in the world; according to tradition, in 1191, following a fierce battle in the Third Crusade, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic became completely blood-spattered; upon removal of his wide belt or sash, a white band was revealed; the red-white-red color combination was subsequently adopted as his banner
National symbol(s):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
golden eagle
National anthem:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: "Bundeshymne" (Federal Hymn)
lyrics/music: Paula von PRERADOVIC/Wolfgang Amadeus MOZART or Johann HOLZER (disputed)
note: adopted 1947; the anthem is also known as "Land der Berge, Land am Strome" (Land of the Mountains, Land on the River); Austria adopted a new national anthem after World War II to replace the former imperial anthem composed by Franz Josef HAYDN, which had been appropriated by Germany in 1922 and was now associated with the Nazi regime
Economy:
Economy - overview:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Austria, with its well-developed market economy, skilled labor force, and high standard of living, is closely tied to other EU economies, especially Germany's. Its economy features a large service sector, a sound industrial sector, and a small, but highly developed agricultural sector. Following several years of solid foreign demand for Austrian exports and record employment growth, the international financial crisis of 2008 and subsequent global economic downturn led to a sharp but brief recession. Austrian GDP contracted 3.8% in 2009 but saw positive growth of about 2% in 2010 and 2.7% in 2011. Growth fell to 0.6% in 2012. Unemployment did not rise as steeply in Austria as elsewhere in Europe, partly because the government subsidized reduced working hour schemes to allow companies to retain employees. The 2012 unemployment rate of 4.3% was the lowest within the EU. Stabilization measures, stimulus spending, and an income tax reform pushed the budget deficit to 4.5% in 2010 and 2.6% in 2011, from only about 0.9% in 2008. The international financial crisis of 2008 caused difficulties for Austria's largest banks whose extensive operations in central, eastern, and southeastern Europe faced large losses. The government provided bank support - including in some instances, nationalization - to support aggregate demand and stabilize the banking system. Austria's fiscal position compares favorably with other euro-zone countries, but it faces external risks, such as Austrian banks' continued exposure to Central and Eastern Europe as well as political and economic uncertainties caused by the European sovereign debt crisis. In 2011 the government attempted to pass a constitutional amendment limiting public debt to 60% of GDP by 2020, but it was unable to obtain sufficient support in parliament and instead passed the measure as a simple law. In March 2012, the Austrian parliament approved an austerity package consisting of a mix of expenditure cuts and new revenues that will bring public finances into balance by 2016. In 2012, the budget deficit rose to 3.1% of GDP.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$361 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$417.9 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.4% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 171
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$42,600 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
Gross national saving:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
23.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 54
GDP - composition, by end use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
household consumption: 54.6%
government consumption: 19.2%
investment in fixed capital: 20.8%
investment in inventories: 0.5%
exports of goods and services: 56.9%
imports of goods and services: -52%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 1.6%
industry: 28.6%
services: 69.8% (2012 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
grains, potatoes, wine, fruit; dairy products, cattle, pigs, poultry; lumber
Industries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard, communications equipment, tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
Labor force:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.737 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 95
Labor force - by occupation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 5.5%
industry: 26%
services: 68.5% (2010)
Unemployment rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.9% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
Population below poverty line:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.2% (2012)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest 10%: 4%
highest 10%: 22% (2011)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26.3 (2007)
country comparison to the world: 128
Budget:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
revenues: $200 billion
expenditures: $212.1 billion (2011)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
47.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 17
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
-2.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
Public debt:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
75.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
note: this is general government gross debt, defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year; it covers the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); the general government sector comprises the sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government and social security funds; as a percentage of GDP, the GDP used as a denominator is the gross domestic product in current year prices
Fiscal year:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.2% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
Stock of narrow money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$204.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
note: see entry for the European Union for money supply for the entire euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Stock of broad money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$419 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
Stock of domestic credit:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$544.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$106 billion (31 December 2012)
country comparison to the world: 45
Current account balance:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$10.6 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
Exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$165.6 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
Exports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, paper and paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs
Exports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Germany 31.4%, Italy 6.9%, France 4.7%, Switzerland 4.5%, US 4.4% (2012)
Imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$167.9 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
Imports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal goods, oil and oil products; foodstuffs
Imports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Germany 42.1%, Italy 6.6%, Switzerland 5.1% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$27.21 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 54
Debt - external:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$812 billion (31 December 2012)
country comparison to the world: 18
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$269.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$345.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
Exchange rates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Energy:
Electricity - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
69 billion kWh (2011)
country comparison to the world: 40
Electricity - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
63.8 billion kWh (2012)
country comparison to the world: 39
Electricity - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
20.46 billion kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
Electricity - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
23.26 billion kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
21.11 million kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
27.5% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 41
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
59.6% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 32
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
12.8% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 18
Crude oil - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
29,480 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68
Crude oil - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
Crude oil - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
139,000 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
85 million bbl (1 January 2012 es)
country comparison to the world: 72
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
159,200 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 63
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
210,700 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
43,010 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 62
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
117,100 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
Natural gas - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.906 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
Natural gas - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9.27 billion cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Natural gas - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
34.75 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
Natural gas - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
42.56 billion cu m (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.82 billion cu m (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 81
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
67.18 million Mt (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Communications:
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.342 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 46
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
13.59 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 62
Telephone system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
general assessment: highly developed and efficient
domestic: fixed-line subscribership has been in decline since the mid-1990s with mobile-cellular subscribership eclipsing it by the late 1990s; the fiber-optic net is very extensive; all telephone applications and Internet services are available
international: country code - 43; satellite earth stations - 15; in addition, there are about 600 VSATs (very small aperture terminals) (2007)
Broadcast media:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Austria's public broadcaster, Osterreichischer Rundfunk (ORF), was the main broadcast source until commercial radio and TV service was introduced in the 1990s; cable and satellite TV are available, including German TV stations (2008)
Internet country code:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
.at
Internet hosts:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.512 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 30
Internet users:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.143 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 43
Transportation:
Airports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
52 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 90
Airports - with paved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 24
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 5
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 4
under 914 m: 13 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 28
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m:
Heliports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1 (2013)
Pipelines:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
gas 4,736 km; oil 663 km; refined products 157 km (2013)
Railways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 6,399 km
country comparison to the world: 29
standard gauge: 5,927 km 1.435-m gauge (3,853 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 384 km 1.000-m gauge (15 km electrified); 88 km 0.760-m gauge (10 km electrified) (2008)
Roadways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 124,508 km
country comparison to the world: 39
paved: 124,508 km (includes 1,719 km of expressways) (2012)
Waterways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
358 km (2011)
country comparison to the world: 90
Merchant marine:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
registered in other countries: 3 (Cyprus 1, Kazakhstan 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1) (2010)
country comparison to the world: 137
Ports and terminals:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
river port(s): Enns, Krems, Linz, Vienna (Danube)
Military:
Military branches:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Land Forces (KdoLdSK), Air Forces (KdoLuSK)
Military service age and obligation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory service; males under the age of 35 must complete basic military training (6 month duration); males 18 to 50 years old in the militia or inactive reserve are subject to compulsory service (2012)
Manpower available for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 1,941,110
females age 16-49: 1,910,434 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 1,579,862
females age 16-49: 1,554,130 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
male: 48,108
female: 45,752 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.8% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 151
Transnational Issues:
Disputes - international:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
none
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
refugees (country of origin): 19,517 (Russia); 10,158 (Afghanistan) (2012)
stateless persons: 542 (2012)