Page last updated on December 17, 2013

Introduction:
Background:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Angola is still rebuilding its country since the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again in 1993. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - during the more than a quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and cemented the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS pushed through a new constitution in 2010; elections held in 2012 saw him installed as president.
Geography:
Location:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo
Geographic coordinates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
12 30 S, 18 30 E
Map references:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Africa
Area:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 1,246,700 sq km
country comparison to the world: 23
land: 1,246,700 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 5,198 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,511 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province), Republic of the Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zambia 1,110 km
Coastline:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1,600 km
Maritime claims:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Terrain:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Elevation extremes:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morro de Moco 2,620 m
Natural resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium
Land use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
arable land: 3.29%
permanent crops: 0.23%
other: 96.48% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
855.3 sq km (2005)
Total renewable water resources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
148 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 0.71 cu km/yr (45%/34%/21%)
per capita: 40.27 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
Environment - current issues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water
Environment - international agreements:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
the province of Cabinda is an exclave, separated from the rest of the country by the Democratic Republic of the Congo
People and Society:
Nationality:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
noun: Angolan(s)
adjective: Angolan
Ethnic groups:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
Languages:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
Religions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (1998 est.)
Population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18,565,269 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
Age structure:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0-14 years: 43.5% (male 4,121,500/female 3,961,484)
15-24 years: 20.3% (male 1,922,114/female 1,855,689)
25-54 years: 29.2% (male 2,734,128/female 2,692,449)
55-64 years: 4% (male 358,337/female 378,231)
65 years and over: 2.9% (male 250,388/female 290,949) (2013 est.)
population pyramid: "> Dependency ratios:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total dependency ratio: 99.6 %
youth dependency ratio: 94.8 %
elderly dependency ratio: 4.8 %
potential support ratio: 20.9 (2013)
Median age:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 17.7 years
male: 17.5 years
female: 17.9 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2.78% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
Birth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
39.16 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
Death rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
11.86 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
Net migration rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 67
Urbanization:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
urban population: 59.2% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 3.97% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
LUANDA (capital) 5.068 million; Huambo 979,000 (2011)
Sex ratio:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
450 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 25
Infant mortality rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 81.75 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 8
male: 85.56 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 77.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total population: 54.95 years
country comparison to the world: 203
male: 53.83 years
female: 56.11 years (2013 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.49 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17.7% (2009)
Health expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.5% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 176
Physicians density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
Hospital bed density:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0.8 beds/1,000 population (2005)
Drinking water source:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
Sanitation facility access:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
improved:
unimproved:
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
2% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
200,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
11,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
Major infectious diseases:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2013)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.4% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 147
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
15.6% (2007)
country comparison to the world: 50
Education expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3.5% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 127
Literacy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 70.4%
male: 82.6%
female: 58.6% (2011 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 10 years (2010)
Child labor - children ages 5-14:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total number: 832,895
percentage: 24 % (2001 est.)
Government:
Country name:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
conventional long form: Republic of Angola
conventional short form: Angola
local long form: Republica de Angola
local short form: Angola
former: People's Republic of Angola
Government type:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
republic; multiparty presidential regime
Capital:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: Luanda
geographic coordinates: 8 50 S, 13 13 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire
Independence:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
National holiday:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
Constitution:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
previous 1975, 1992; latest adopted 5 February 2010 (2013)
Legal system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
civil legal system based on Portuguese civil law; no judicial review of legislation
International law organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Suffrage:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of state: President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
elections: president indirectly elected by National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term) under the 2010 constitution; note - according to the 2010 constitution, ballots are cast for parties rather than candidates, the leader of the party with the most votes becomes president; following the results of the 2012 legislative elections DOS SANTOS became president (eligible for a second term)
election results: NA; as leader of the MPLA, Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS became pesident following legislative elections on 31 August 2012; DOS SANTOS was inaugurated on 26 September 2012 to serve the first of a possible two terms under the 2010 constitution
Legislative branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members elected by proportional vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 31 August 2012 (next to be held in 2017)
election results: percent of vote by party - MPLA 71.8%, UNITA 18.7%, CASA-CE 6.0%, PRS 1.7%, FNLA 1.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - MPLA 175, UNITA 32, CASA-CE 8, PRS 3, FNLA 2
Judicial branch:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Tribunal da Relacao (consists of the chief justice and NA judges; Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 members)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body presided over by the president; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula; judges serve single 7-year terms
subordinate courts: provincial and municipal courts
Political parties and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU]
note: 4 other parties qualified to participate in the national election in August 2012
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda or FLEC [N'zita Henriques TIAGO]
note: FLEC's small-scale armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province persists despite the signing of a peace accord with the government in August 2006; Several factions of FLEC have broken off over the past 30 years, including the FLEC-PM [Rodrigues Mingas], which was responsible for a deadly attack on the Togolese soccer team in 2010
International organization participation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
ACP, AfDB, AU, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador Alberto do Carmo BENTO RIBEIRO (since 1 September 2011)
chancery: 2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 785-1156
FAX: [1] (202) 785-1258
consulate(s) general: Houston, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Heather C. Merritt
embassy: number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda
mailing address: international mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550
telephone: [244] (222) 64-1000
FAX: [244] (222) 64-1232
Flag description:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants
National symbol(s):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Palanca Negra Gigante (giant black sable antelope)
National anthem:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
name: "Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)
lyrics/music: Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO
note: adopted 1975
Economy:
Economy - overview:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Angola's high growth rate in recent years was driven by high international prices for its oil. Angola became a member of OPEC in late 2006 and its current assigned a production quota of 1.65 million barrels a day (bbl/day). Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 85% of GDP. Diamond exports contribute an additional 5%. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people, but half of the country's food is still imported. Increased oil production supported growth averaging more than 17% per year from 2004 to 2008. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Much of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. Land mines left from the war still mar the countryside, even though peace was established after the death of rebel leader Jonas SAVIMBI in February 2002. Since 2005, the government has used billions of dollars in credit lines from China, Brazil, Portugal, Germany, Spain, and the EU to rebuild Angola's public infrastructure. The global recession that started in 2008 temporarily stalled economic growth. Lower prices for oil and diamonds during the global recession slowed GDP growth to 2.4% in 2009, and many construction projects stopped because Luanda accrued $9 billion in arrears to foreign construction companies when government revenue fell in 2008 and 2009. Angola abandoned its currency peg in 2009, and in November 2009 signed onto an IMF Stand-By Arrangement loan of $1.4 billion to rebuild international reserves. Consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to about 10% in 2012. Higher oil prices have helped Angola turn a budget deficit of 8.6% of GDP in 2009 into an surplus of 12% of GDP in 2012. Corruption, especially in the extractive sectors, also is a major challenge.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$123.1 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 67
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$113.7 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.2% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$6,100 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
Gross national saving:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
23.8% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 56
GDP - composition, by end use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
household consumption: 48.7%
government consumption: 20.3%
investment in fixed capital: 11.7%
investment in inventories: 0%
exports of goods and services: 62.6%
imports of goods and services: -43.3%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 10.2%
industry: 61.4%
services: 28.4% (2011 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish
Industries:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair
Industrial production growth rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
Labor force:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
8.745 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
Labor force - by occupation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
agriculture: 85%
industry and services: 15% (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
NA%
Population below poverty line:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
40.5% (2006 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
lowest 10%: 0.6%
highest 10%: 44.7% (2000)
Budget:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
revenues: $51.24 billion
expenditures: $44.23 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
45.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
6.2% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 11
Public debt:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17.2% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Fiscal year:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.3% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
Central bank discount rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
25% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
16.81% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 21
Stock of narrow money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$13.31 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73
Stock of broad money:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$44.65 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 69
Stock of domestic credit:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$20.45 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
Current account balance:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$13.85 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 23
Exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$71.09 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Exports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
Exports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
China 46.3%, US 13.9%, India 10.1%, South Africa 4.2% (2012)
Imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$23.72 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
Imports - commodities:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods
Imports - partners:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
China 20.9%, Portugal 19.5%, US 7.7%, South Africa 7.1%, Brazil 5.9% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$33.41 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
Debt - external:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$21.85 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$17.15 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 75
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
$9.877 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
Exchange rates:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
kwanza (AOA) per US dollar -
Energy:
Electricity - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
5.118 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 118
Electricity - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
4.592 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 118
Electricity - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
Electricity - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.155 million kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
56.9% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 38
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
43.1% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
Crude oil - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.872 million bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 17
Crude oil - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1.928 million bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
Crude oil - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
10.47 billion bbl (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 17
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
38,760 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
79,430 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
17,750 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 75
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
55,740 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 66
Natural gas - production:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
752 million cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68
Natural gas - consumption:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
733 million cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
Natural gas - exports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58
Natural gas - imports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
366 billion cu m (1 January 2013 es)
country comparison to the world: 37
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
26.97 million Mt (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Communications:
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
303,000 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 116
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
9.8 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 80
Telephone system:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
general assessment: limited system; state-owned telecom had monopoly for fixed-lines until 2005; demand outstripped capacity, prices were high, and services poor; Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola's fixed-line telephone network; by 2010, the number of fixed-line providers had expanded to 5; Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network has been extended to larger towns; a privately owned, mobile-cellular service provider began operations in 2001
domestic: only about two fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 50 telephones per 100 persons in 2011
international: country code - 244; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 29 (2009)
Broadcast media:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
state controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach; state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on 2 channels; a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite; TV subscription services are available; state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations; about a half dozen private radio stations broadcast locally (2008)
Internet country code:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
.ao
Internet hosts:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
20,703 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 116
Internet users:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
606,700 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 114
Transportation:
Airports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
176 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 32
Airports - with paved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 31
over 3,047 m: 7
2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 12
914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 145
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 31
914 to 1,523 m: 66
under 914 m:
Heliports:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1 (2013)
Pipelines:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
gas 352 km; liquid petroleum gas 85 km; oil 1,065 km; oil/gas/water 5 km (2013)
Railways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 2,764 km
country comparison to the world: 59
narrow gauge: 2,641 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2008)
Roadways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 51,429 km
country comparison to the world: 76
paved: 5,349 km
unpaved: 46,080 km (2001)
Waterways:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
1,300 km (2011)
country comparison to the world: 54
Merchant marine:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
total: 7
country comparison to the world: 123
by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned: 1 (Spain 1)
registered in other countries: 17 (Bahamas 6, Curacao 2, Cyprus 1, Liberia 1, Malta 7) (2010)
Ports and terminals:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
major seaport(s): Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Namibe
Military:
Military branches:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Angolan Armed Forces (Forcas Armadas Angolanas, FAA): Army, Navy (Marinha de Guerra Angola, MGA), Angolan National Air Force (Forca Aerea Nacional Angolana, FANA; under operational control of the Army) (2012)
Military service age and obligation:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory); 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service; conscript service obligation - 2 years; Angolan citizenship required; the Navy (MGA) is entirely staffed with volunteers (2013)
Manpower available for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 3,062,438
females age 16-49: 2,964,262 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
males age 16-49: 1,546,781
females age 16-49: 1,492,308 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
male: 155,476
female: 152,054 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
3% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 40
Transnational Issues:
Disputes - international:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
Democratic Republic of Congo accuses Angola of shifting monuments
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
refugees (country of origin): 20,740 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2012)
IDPs: 19,500 (27-year civil war ending in 2002) (2005)
Trafficking in persons:
Field Background: For all countries in alphabetical order
current situation: Angola is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor in agriculture, construction, domestic service, and diamond mines; some Angolan girls are forced into domestic prostitution, while some Angolan boys are taken to Namibia as forced laborers or are forced to be cross-border couriers; women and children are also forced into domestic service in South Africa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, and European countries; Vietnamese, Brazilian, and Chinese women are trafficked to Angola for prostitution, while Chinese, Southeast Asian, Namibian, and possibly Congolese migrants are subjected to forced labor in Angola's construction industry
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Angola does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; authorities opened one internal labor trafficking investigation but have not initiated the prosecution of any trafficking offenders, has never convicted a trafficking offender, and does not have a law specifically prohibiting all forms of trafficking; the government has not adopted amendments to the penal code reflecting the 2010 constitutional provision prohibiting human trafficking and has not finalized draft anti-trafficking legislation; the government has made minimal efforts to protect trafficking victims but continues to lack a systematic process for identifying trafficking victims and providing legal remedies to victims (2013)